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Early Spanish Cultural Presence
in the Western United States
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In 1539 Cabeza de Vaca walked across Texas and may have entered
the southern reaches of New Mexico and Arizona.
In 1540 Francisco Vazquez de Coronado led an expedition that
penetrated through Arizona and New Mexico to Kansas.
Late in the seventeenth century Father Eusebio Francisco Kino
established a series of missions in southern Arizona.
During the period 1769 - 1823 twenty one Spanish Missions
were established in California stretching from San Diego to Sonoma.
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Mission San Gabriel Arcangel
Founded September 8, 1771, by Frs. Pedro Cambon & Angel Somera
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Mission Santa Clara de Asis
Founded January 12, 1777, by Fr. Junjiperro Serra
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Mission Santa Cruz
Founded August 28, 1791, by Fr. Fermin Lausen
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"Hispanic gives us all one ultimate paternal cultural progenitor: Spain. The diverse
cultures already on the American shores when the Europeans arrived, as well as those
introduced because of the African slave trade, are completely obliterated by the term."
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Ana Castillo
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